Positive messages encourage safer driver behavior than fear tactics

driver
Credit: CC0 Public Domain

A new study has shown that films demonstrating responsible behavior could lead to young drivers taking fewer risks on the road than if they only saw videos aimed at provoking fear of accidents.

Over one million people are killed in each year and below the age of 25 account for nearly half of deaths.

Dr. Yaniv Hanoch, associate professor of risk management at the University of Southampton said, "Governments around the world have adopted a plethora of interventions aimed at encouraging safer driving, the majority of which use fear-based content, such as graphic depictions of sudden car crashes. We are all familiar with the UK Government's "Think" campaign, especially at this time of year.

"However, previous research has suggested that such messages can be counter-productive, possibly because the emotive content can trigger defensive reactions and message rejection."

In this latest research, led by Dr. Cutello of the University of Antwerp in partnership with the University of Southampton and the University of Warwick, 146 young drivers undertook tests to compare the difference in their attitudes to risky driving.

Half of the group viewed a six-minute aimed at instilling fear through a crash caused by a reckless driver, distracted by his passengers. The other half saw a video showing a positive scene with a careful driver asking the passengers not to distract him. Both road safety films were developed specifically for, and used by, the Fire and Rescue Services across the United Kingdom.

The study also tested whether watching the videos in an immersive setting on a Virtual Reality (VR) headset made a difference than watching the videos on a two-dimensional (2-D) TV screen.

Each participant took a questionnaire to assess his or her attitude to risk taking on the road before and after the trial. At the end of the trial, they also took a second test, the Vienna Risk-Taking Test-Traffic. In this test, they watched video clips of driving situations that require a driver reaction (for example, considering whether to overtake in icy conditions) and asked to indicate if, and when, they regarded the maneuver as too risky.

The findings, published in the journal Risk Analysis, indicate that the positively framed films significantly decreased risky driving after being seen in on a 2-D screen, and even more so when viewed in VR format. In contrast, the fear film shown in VR failed to reduce risky driving behaviors, and in fact, increased young drivers' risk taking.

Dr. Hanoch continued, "Finding the best means to tackle this issue is of paramount importance. By studying driver safety interventions currently used by the Fire and Rescue service across the United Kingdom, this research provides the first examination of the effects of both message content and mode of delivery on risky driving behavior among young drivers."

Dr. Cutello added, "Our results provide key insights about the role of positive versus fear-framed messages in tackling risky driving among . On the one hand, they build on previous work showing the effectiveness of positively framed messages in promoting road safety through the portrayal of driving safely and the positive consequences. They also show that allowing the participants to experience what proactive behaviors can lead to and giving them the illusions that the events occurring are authentic through VR can encourage the creation of positive role models and strategies to be safer on the roads."

More information: Clara Alida Cutello et al. Evaluating an Intervention to Reduce Risky Driving Behaviors: Taking the Fear Out of Virtual Reality, Risk Analysis (2020). DOI: 10.1111/risa.13643

Journal information: Risk Analysis
Citation: Positive messages encourage safer driver behavior than fear tactics (2020, December 15) retrieved 28 March 2024 from https://techxplore.com/news/2020-12-positive-messages-safer-driver-behavior.html
This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.

Explore further

Researchers recommend bans on cellphone use for young drivers

5 shares

Feedback to editors