Fig. 1: Expanding the standard research cycle in experimental material science. An illustration of the standard research cycle and how the Perovskite Database Project can expand it by providing an open database, interactive visualization tools, protocols and a metadata ontology for reporting device data, open-source code for data analysis and so on. Solid data lines refer to data from published papers treated in this project. Dashed data lines refer to raw data from experimentation and analyzed full datasets that are natural extensions to be included later. The dashed ‘insight’ lines represent the use of the expanded research cycle. Credit: DOI: 10.1038/s41560-021-00941-3
An international team of experts has collected data on metal halide perovskite solar cells from more than 15,000 publications and developed a database with visualization options and analysis tools. The database is open source and provides an overview of the rapidly growing knowledge as well as the open questions in this exciting class of materials. The study was initiated by HZB scientist Dr. Eva Unger and implemented and coordinated by her postdoc Jesper Jacobsson.
Halide perovskites have huge potential for solar cells and other optoelectronic applications. Solar cells based on metal-organic perovskites achieve efficiencies of more than 25 percent, they can be produced cheaply and with minimal energy consumption, but still require improvements in terms of stability and reliability. In recent years, research on this class of materials has boomed, producing a flood of results that is almost impossible to keep track of by traditional means. Under the keyword "perovskite solar," more than 19,000 publications had already been entered in the Web of Science (spring 2021).
Now, 95 experts from more than 30 international research institutions have designed a database to systematically record findings on perovskite semiconductors. The data are prepared according to the FAIR principles, i.e. they are findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable. By reading the existing literature, the experts have collected more than 42,000 individual data sets, in which the data can be filtered and displayed according to various criteria such as material compositions or component type. Researchers from several teams at HZB were involved in this Herculean task.
"Data has always been the basis of empirical science, but when data is collected in sufficiently large quantities and in a coherent way, it can be searched with modern algorithms and artificial intelligence and can provide completely new insights," says Jesper Jacobsson, coordinator of this project.
The database provides analysis tools and graphical data visualizations that enable easy and interactive exploration, and also offers the option to easily upload new data from new peer-reviewed publications. "It's a Wikipedia for perovskite solar cell research," says Eva Unger, counting on the participation of the research community: "In the future, this type of research data platform will offer us the opportunity to make our research data public according to FAIR principles in addition to established publication formats."
Not only science, but also industry will benefit: The database provides an overview of the current state of knowledge, while also uncovering gaps in knowledge from which new productive research questions can arise.
More information: T. Jesper Jacobsson et al, An open-access database and analysis tool for perovskite solar cells based on the FAIR data principles, Nature Energy (2021). DOI: 10.1038/s41560-021-00941-3
Journal information: Nature Energy
Provided by Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres
