Electronics & Semiconductors

First organic bipolar transistor developed

The invention of the transistor in 1947 by Shockley, Bardeen and Brattain at Bell Laboratories ushered in the age of microelectronics and revolutionized our lives. First, so-called bipolar transistors were invented, in which ...

Engineering

Scientific AI's 'black box' is no match for 200-year-old method

One of the oldest tools in computational physics—a 200-year-old mathematical technique known as Fourier analysis—can reveal crucial information about how a form of artificial intelligence called a deep neural network ...

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