Robotics
In the quest to build smart skin that mimics the sensing capabilities of natural skin, ionic skins have shown significant advantages. They're made of flexible, biocompatible hydrogels that use ions to carry an electrical ...
Apr 28, 2022
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36
Energy & Green Tech
Researchers at Boise State University have developed a new approach to making novel lithium-ion battery materials. Starting from an amorphous (i.e., a material lacking long-range order) niobium oxide, the team discovered ...
Aug 10, 2022
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72
Energy & Green Tech
Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs), rechargeable batteries that store energy by leveraging the reversible reduction of Li ions, remain among the most widely used battery technologies worldwide. These batteries power a wide range ...
Energy & Green Tech
A team of chemists and physicists at Dalhousie University in Canada has found that replacing the type of tape used to make lithium-ion batteries could slow battery degradation and reduce the amount of self-discharge in smartphones ...
Energy & Green Tech
What if a common element, rather than scarce expensive ones, was a key component in electric car batteries? A collaboration co-led by an Oregon State University chemistry researcher is hoping to spark a green battery revolution ...
May 23, 2024
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40
Energy & Green Tech
When leasing or buying a car, it's important to consider not just the sticker price, but the long-term recurring costs, such as gas and maintenance. Deciding how we're going to invest in clean energy storage requires a similar ...
Jan 9, 2019
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39
Electronics & Semiconductors
The transformative changes brought by deep learning and artificial intelligence are accompanied by immense costs. For example, OpenAI's ChatGPT algorithm costs at least $100,000 every day to operate. This could be reduced ...
Mar 28, 2023
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315
Energy & Green Tech
A research team at the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), led by Prof. Zhao Bangchuan, has developed a high-performance aqueous zinc-ion battery with ultra-long cycle life in a ...
Jun 14, 2023
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108
Energy & Green Tech
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory have reported a new mechanism to speed up the charging of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles. Simply exposing the cathode to a beam ...
Oct 31, 2019
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1061
Electronics & Semiconductors
Since the 1940s, scientists have been exploring the use of niobium oxide, specifically a form of niobium oxide known as T-Nb2O5, to create more efficient batteries. This unique material is known for its ability to allow lithium ...
Jul 28, 2023
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41
An ion is an atom or molecule where the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge.
Since protons are positively charged and electrons are negatively charged, if there are more electrons than protons, the atom or molecule will be negatively charged. This is called an anion (pronounced /ˈænaɪən/; an-eye-on), from the Greek ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up'.
Conversely, if there are more protons than electrons, the atom or molecule will be positively charged. This is called a cation (pronounced /ˈkætaɪən/; cat-eye-on), from the Greek κατά (kata), meaning 'down'.
An ion consisting of a single atom is called a monatomic ion. If it consists of two or more atoms, it is called a polyatomic ion. Polyatomic ions containing oxygen, such as carbonate and sulfate, are called oxyanions.
When writing the chemical formula for an ion, its charge is written as a superscript '+' or '−' following a number indicating the difference between the number of protons and the number of electrons. The number is omitted if it is equal to 1. For example, the sodium cation is written as Na+, the '+' indicating that it has one less electron than it has protons. The sulfate anion is written as SO42−, the '2−' indicating that it has two more electrons than it has protons.
If an ion contains unpaired electrons, it is called a radical ion. Just like neutral radicals, radical ions are very reactive.
This text uses material from Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY-SA
