Energy & Green Tech
The urgent need to cut carbon emissions is prompting a rapid move toward electrified mobility and expanded deployment of solar and wind on the electric grid. If those trends escalate as expected, the need for better methods ...
Aug 17, 2021
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511
Engineering
(Tech Xplore)—Aurora Flight Sciences has announced that its X-plane prototype (code named the LightningStrike), the XV-24A, an aerial vehicle with vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) capabilities and driven by 24 variable-pitch ...
Electronics & Semiconductors
An international research team has moved closer to developing a more sustainable, rechargeable "organic" battery model by doubling its energy storage capability.
Apr 22, 2022
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215
Hardware
A Tokyo University of Science research team has developed an AI device with high information processing performance. This was achieved by recreating the so-called "edge-of-chaos" state occurring in the brain using ion–electron-coupled ...
Jan 12, 2023
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157
Energy & Green Tech
Researchers led by Jennifer L. Schaefer, professor in the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at the University of Notre Dame, analyzed how magnesium-ion-conducting solid polymer electrolytes may work in two ...
Nov 17, 2021
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11
Energy & Green Tech
Picture this: you're cruising down the Great Ocean Road in your brand new electric vehicle (EV), the ocean to your left and the wind in your hair. But what if I told you this idyllic drive could turn into a nightmare, with ...
Sep 28, 2023
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13
Energy & Green Tech
As electric vehicles grow in popularity, the spotlight shines more brightly on some of their remaining major issues. Researchers at The University of Texas at Austin are tackling two of the bigger challenges facing electric ...
Sep 26, 2022
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797
Energy & Green Tech
A new machine learning algorithm allows researchers to explore possible designs for the microstructure of fuel cells and lithium-ion batteries, before running 3-D simulations that help researchers make changes to improve ...
Jun 25, 2020
1
117
Engineering
New research conducted by the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) has identified a specific building block that improves the anode in lithium-ion batteries. The unique properties of the ...
Feb 5, 2021
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113
Energy & Green Tech
Scientists have made a significant breakthrough in understanding and overcoming the challenges associated with Ni-rich cathode materials used in lithium-ion batteries. Researchers from the Universities of Birmingham, Cambridge, ...
Jul 19, 2023
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223
An ion is an atom or molecule where the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge.
Since protons are positively charged and electrons are negatively charged, if there are more electrons than protons, the atom or molecule will be negatively charged. This is called an anion (pronounced /ˈænaɪən/; an-eye-on), from the Greek ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up'.
Conversely, if there are more protons than electrons, the atom or molecule will be positively charged. This is called a cation (pronounced /ˈkætaɪən/; cat-eye-on), from the Greek κατά (kata), meaning 'down'.
An ion consisting of a single atom is called a monatomic ion. If it consists of two or more atoms, it is called a polyatomic ion. Polyatomic ions containing oxygen, such as carbonate and sulfate, are called oxyanions.
When writing the chemical formula for an ion, its charge is written as a superscript '+' or '−' following a number indicating the difference between the number of protons and the number of electrons. The number is omitted if it is equal to 1. For example, the sodium cation is written as Na+, the '+' indicating that it has one less electron than it has protons. The sulfate anion is written as SO42−, the '2−' indicating that it has two more electrons than it has protons.
If an ion contains unpaired electrons, it is called a radical ion. Just like neutral radicals, radical ions are very reactive.
This text uses material from Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY-SA
