Making algorithms used in AI more human-like: Scientists use fMRI to test ideas about complex decision-making
How does the human brain navigate complex circumstances—say, driving through Harvard Square traffic at 5 p.m.?
Jul 13, 2023
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Computer Sciences
How does the human brain navigate complex circumstances—say, driving through Harvard Square traffic at 5 p.m.?
Jul 13, 2023
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Engineering
There's a song anyone who lives near an airport or directly under the flight path of incoming and departing jets daily wishes they could play: Simon and Garfunkel's "The Sound of Silence."
Energy & Green Tech
Using green light and a double-layered cell, Ph.D. researcher Riccardo Ollearo has come up with a photodiode that has sensitivity that many can only dream of.
Feb 17, 2023
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Energy & Green Tech
Researchers from UNSW Sydney have developed an algorithm that produces high-resolution modeled images from lower-resolution micro X-ray computerized tomography (CT).
Feb 15, 2023
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Business
Apple is facing a federal class-action lawsuit that claims the blood oxygen reader in the Apple Watch yields inaccurate results for people of color.
Dec 28, 2022
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Computer Sciences
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which measures changes in blood flow throughout the brain, has been used over the past couple of decades for a variety of applications, including "functional anatomy"—a way ...
Dec 22, 2022
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Security
A massive trove of emails from Mexico's Defense Department is among electronic communications taken by a group of hackers from military and police agencies across several Latin American countries, Mexico's president confirmed ...
Oct 1, 2022
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Automotive
The National Transportation Safety Board is recommending that all new vehicles in the U.S. be equipped with blood alcohol monitoring systems that can stop an intoxicated person from driving.
Sep 20, 2022
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Robotics
Everybody could use a third arm sometimes, but for some it would be particularly helpful.
Aug 25, 2022
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Engineering
It's a brainy Band-Aid, a smart watch without the watch, and a leap forward for wearable health technologies. Researchers at the University of Chicago's Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering (PME) have developed a flexible, ...
Aug 5, 2022
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Blood is a specialized bodily fluid that delivers necessary substances to the body's cells — such as nutrients and oxygen — and transports waste products away from those same cells.
In vertebrates, it is composed of blood cells suspended in a liquid called blood plasma. Plasma, which comprises 55% of blood fluid, is mostly water (90% by volume), and contains dissolved proteins, glucose, mineral ions, hormones, carbon dioxide (plasma being the main medium for excretory product transportation), platelets and blood cells themselves. The blood cells present in blood are mainly red blood cells (also called RBCs or erythrocytes) and white blood cells, including leukocytes and platelets. The most abundant cells in vertebrate blood are red blood cells. These contain hemoglobin, an iron-containing protein, which facilitates transportation of oxygen by reversibly binding to this respiratory gas and greatly increasing its solubility in blood. In contrast, carbon dioxide is almost entirely transported extracellularly dissolved in plasma as bicarbonate ion.
Vertebrate blood is bright-red when its hemoglobin is oxygenated. Some animals, such as crustaceans and mollusks, use hemocyanin to carry oxygen, instead of hemoglobin. Insects and some molluscs use a fluid called hemolymph instead of blood, the difference being that hemolymph is not contained in a closed circulatory system. In most insects, this "blood" does not contain oxygen-carrying molecules such as hemoglobin because their bodies are small enough for their tracheal system to suffice for supplying oxygen.
Jawed vertebrates have an adaptive immune system, based largely on white blood cells. White blood cells help to resist infections and parasites. Platelets are important in the clotting of blood. Arthropods, using hemolymph, have hemocytes as part of their immune system.
Blood is circulated around the body through blood vessels by the pumping action of the heart. In animals having lungs, arterial blood carries oxygen from inhaled air to the tissues of the body, and venous blood carries carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism produced by cells, from the tissues to the lungs to be exhaled.
Medical terms related to blood often begin with hemo- or hemato- (also spelled haemo- and haemato-) from the Ancient Greek word αἶμα (haima) for "blood". In terms of anatomy and histology, blood is considered a specialized form of connective tissue, given its origin in the bones and the presence of potential molecular fibers in the form of fibrinogen.
This text uses material from Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY-SA