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Higher-energy, safer, longer-lasting zinc battery: Researchers revive old chemistry with new electrolyte

Again establishing the University of Maryland (UMD) as a leader in the development of groundbreaking battery technology, a team led by researchers at UMD's A. James Clark School of Engineering has created a water-based zinc ...

Energy & Green Tech
  • Apr 16, 2018
  • 172
  • 4

New sodium-ion electrolyte may find use in solid-state batteries

A newly discovered structure of a sodium-based material allows the materials to be used as an electrolyte in solid-state batteries, according to researchers from Penn State and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). ...

Energy & Green Tech
  • Apr 10, 2018
  • 229
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Research overcomes major technical obstacles in magnesium-metal batteries

Scientists at the Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) have discovered a new approach for developing a rechargeable non-aqueous magnesium-metal battery.

Energy & Green Tech
  • Apr 03, 2018
  • 592
  • 0

Research hints at double the driving range for electric vehicles

When it comes to the special sauce of batteries, researchers at the Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have discovered it's all about the salt concentration. By getting the right amount of salt, ...

Energy & Green Tech
  • Mar 27, 2018
  • 236
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A lithium battery that operates at -70 degrees Celsius, a record low

Researchers in China have developed a battery with organic compound electrodes that can function at -70 degrees Celsius—far colder than the temperature at which lithium-ion batteries lose most of their ability to conduct ...

Energy & Green Tech
  • Feb 28, 2018
  • 847
  • 5

Army researchers are after cost-effective safer, lighter batteries

Scientists at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the Georgia Institute of Technology are focused on the development of batteries that improve the safety and energy density of ones currently found on the battlefield.

Energy & Green Tech
  • Feb 27, 2018
  • 36
  • 1

Scientists develop safer, more durable lithium-ion battery that can operate under extreme conditions

Lithium-ion batteries have become the energy storage method of choice for consumer electronics and military and aerospace systems alike. But potential safety hazards associated with the organic electrolytes that are used ...

Energy & Green Tech
  • Nov 10, 2017
  • 895
  • 4

Tweaking electrolyte makes better lithium-metal batteries

Scientists have found adding a pinch of something new to a battery's electrolyte gives the energy storage devices more juice per charge than today's commonly used rechargeable batteries.

Energy & Green Tech
  • Mar 01, 2017
  • 28
  • 0

Lithium-ion battery inventor introduces new technology for fast-charging, noncombustible batteries

A team of engineers led by 94-year-old John Goodenough, professor in the Cockrell School of Engineering at The University of Texas at Austin and co-inventor of the lithium-ion battery, has developed the first all-solid-state ...

Energy & Green Tech
  • Feb 28, 2017
  • 24357
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Building better batteries

Lithium-ion batteries, widely used in devices ranging from electric cars to iPhones, are composed of a cathode made from a positively charged lithium compound and an anode composed of negatively charged carbon. Ideally, anodes ...

Energy & Green Tech
  • Dec 20, 2016
  • 422
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Wearable integrated thermocells based on gel electrolytes use body heat

Electronics integrated into textiles are gaining in popularity: Systems like smartphone displays in a sleeve or sensors to detect physical performance in athletic wear have already been produced. The main problem with these ...

Energy & Green Tech
  • Aug 26, 2016
  • 19
  • 0

High-voltage lithium-ion battery realized with superconcentrated electrolyte

(Tech Xplore)—One of the biggest challenges facing next-generation lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles is finding ways to further increase the driving range. One way to do this is by increasing the battery voltage ...

Energy & Green Tech
  • Jul 26, 2016
  • 808
  • 4

Research team creates robust 'white graphene' electrolyte and separator for lithium-ion batteries

Rice University materials scientists have introduced a combined electrolyte and separator for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries that supplies energy at usable voltages and in high temperatures.

Energy & Green Tech
  • Apr 11, 2016
  • 309
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Electrolyte

In chemistry, an electrolyte is any substance containing free ions that make the substance electrically conductive. The most typical electrolyte is an ionic solution, but molten electrolytes and solid electrolytes are also possible.

Commonly, electrolytes are solutions of acids, bases or salts. Furthermore, some gases may act as electrolytes under conditions of high temperature or low pressure. Electrolyte solutions can also result from the dissolution of some biological (e.g., DNA, polypeptides) and synthetic polymers (e.g., polystyrene sulfonate), termed polyelectrolytes, which contain charged functional groups.

Electrolyte solutions are normally formed when a salt is placed into a solvent such as water and the individual components dissociate due to the thermodynamic interactions between solvent and solute molecules, in a process called solvation. For example, when table salt, NaCl, is placed in water, the salt (a solid) dissolves into its component ions, according to the dissociation reaction

It is also possible for substances to react with water producing ions, e.g., carbon dioxide gas dissolves in water to produce a solution which contains hydronium, carbonate, and hydrogen carbonate ions.

Note that molten salts can be electrolytes as well. For instance, when sodium chloride is molten, the liquid conducts electricity.

An electrolyte in a solution may be described as concentrated if it has a high concentration of ions, or dilute if it has a low concentration. If a high proportion of the solute dissociates to form free ions, the electrolyte is strong; if most of the solute does not dissociate, the electrolyte is weak. The properties of electrolytes may be exploited using electrolysis to extract constituent elements and compounds contained within the solution.

This text uses material from Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY-SA

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