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First 3D-printed, defect-free tungsten components withstand extreme temperatures

First 3D-printed, defect-free tungsten components withstand extreme temperatures
ORNL researchers used electron-beam additive manufacturing to 3D-print the first complex, defect-free tungsten parts with complex geometries. Research was performed at DOE’s Manufacturing Demonstration Facility at ORNL. The MDF, supported by DOE’s Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technologies Office, is a nationwide consortium of collaborators working to innovate, inspire and catalyze the transformation of U.S. manufacturing. Credit: Michaela Bluedorn/ORNL, U.S. Dept. of Energy

Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory used additive manufacturing to produce the first defect-free complex tungsten parts for use in extreme environments. The accomplishment could have positive implications for clean-energy technologies such as fusion energy.

Tungsten has the highest melting point of any metal, making it ideal for fusion reactors where plasma temperatures exceed 180 million degrees Fahrenheit. In comparison, the sun's center is about 27 million degrees Fahrenheit.

In its pure form, tungsten is brittle at room temperature and easily shatters. To counter this, ORNL researchers developed an electron-beam 3D-printer to deposit tungsten, layer by layer, into precise three-dimensional shapes. This technology uses a magnetically directed stream of particles in a high-vacuum enclosure to melt and bind metal powder into a solid-metal object. The vacuum environment reduces foreign material contamination and residual stress formation.

"Electron-beam is promising for the processing of complex tungsten geometries," said ORNL's Michael Kirka. "This is an important step for expanding the use of temperature-resistant metals in that will support a sustainable, carbon-free future."

Citation: First 3D-printed, defect-free tungsten components withstand extreme temperatures (2024, May 27) retrieved 26 June 2024 from https://techxplore.com/news/2024-05-3d-defect-free-tungsten-components.html
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