Computer Sciences

Video: How do you teach language to a computer?

Natural language processing, an area of artificial intelligence, involves teaching human language to computers. It has evolved from an intelligence-gathering technology to one that affects our everyday lives: giving voice ...

Internet

EXPLAINER: Just what are 'The Facebook Papers,' anyway?

The Facebook Papers project represents a unique collaboration among 17 American news organizations, including The Associated Press. Journalists from a variety of newsrooms, large and small, worked together to gain access ...

Energy & Green Tech

Global archive of historical renewable energy documents

Sandia National Laboratories began studying the power of the sun to produce utility-scale energy in the 1960s. Sandia's National Solar Thermal Test Facility was commissioned in 1978, spurred by the oil crisis of 1973.

Machine learning & AI

Researchers use AI to unlock the secrets of ancient texts

The Abbey Library of St. Gall in Switzerland is home to approximately 160,000 volumes of literary and historical manuscripts dating back to the eighth century—all of which are written by hand, on parchment, in languages ...

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Document

The term document has more meanings in ordinary language and in scholarship. WordNet 3.1. lists four meanings (October 2011):

In Library and information science and in documentation science is "document" considered a basic theoretical construct. It is everything which may be preserved or represented in order to serve as evidence for some purpose. The classical example provided by Suzanne Briet is an antelope: "An antelope running wild on the plains of Africa should not be considered a document, she rules. But if it were to be captured, taken to a zoo and made an object of study, it has been made into a document. It has become physical evidence being used by those who study it. Indeed, scholarly articles written about the antelope are secondary documents, since the antelope itself is the primary document." (Quoted from Buckland, 1998 ). (This view has been seen as an early expression of what now is known as actor–network theory).

That documents cannot be defined by their transmission medium (such as paper) is evident because of the existence of electronic documents.

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