Engineering
One of the many ways to reduce the energy required for transportation is to make vehicles lighter. High-strength (HS) steel is perfect candidate materials for this purpose, as its higher weight-to-strength ratio allows for ...
Mar 29, 2023
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Energy & Green Tech
The U.S. natural gas infrastructure is expansive, providing service for 32% of the nation's energy consumption in 2021. To reduce the emissions from natural gas service, blending hydrogen into natural gas pipelines could ...
Jan 25, 2023
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Energy & Green Tech
Researchers at Princeton and Rice universities have combined iron, copper, and a simple LED light to demonstrate a low-cost technique that could be key to distributing hydrogen, a fuel that packs high amounts of energy with ...
Nov 25, 2022
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134
Energy & Green Tech
Hydrogen represents a promising option for powerful and clean energy.
Oct 6, 2022
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Energy & Green Tech
Many of us are all too familiar with how strain in work relationships can impact performance, but new research shows that materials in electricity-producing fuel cells may be sensitive to strain on an entirely different level.
Sep 9, 2022
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Engineering
Scientists from Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering at the University of Tsukuba introduced a new technique for detecting when a hydrogen fuel cell is experiencing reduced efficiency due to periods of excess ...
Feb 10, 2022
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Engineering
Southwest Research Institute and The University of Texas at San Antonio are working together to understand the susceptibility of additively manufactured materials to hydrogen embrittlement, a common problem that can lead ...
Jul 22, 2019
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Energy & Green Tech
Sustainable energy generation solutions such as wind, solar, and hydroelectric have long presented enticing alternatives to fossil fuels. However, several factors, including the intermittent nature of these sources and their ...
Jun 12, 2023
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Energy & Green Tech
For 35 years, the Emsland nuclear power plant in northwestern Germany has reliably provided millions of homes with electricity and many with well-paid jobs in what was once an agricultural backwater.
Apr 14, 2023
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Engineering
The U.S. Departments of Energy and Defense teamed up to create a series of weld filler materials that could dramatically improve high-strength steel repair in vehicles, bridges and pipelines. This novel weld wire could help ...
Dec 13, 2022
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A hydrogen atom is an atom of the chemical element hydrogen. The electrically neutral atom contains a single positively-charged proton and a single negatively-charged electron bound to the nucleus by the Coulomb force. The most abundant isotope, hydrogen-1, protium, or light hydrogen, contains no neutrons; other isotopes contain one or more neutrons. This article primarily concerns hydrogen-1.
The hydrogen atom has special significance in quantum mechanics and quantum field theory as a simple two-body problem physical system which has yielded many simple analytical solutions in closed-form.
In 1914, Niels Bohr obtained the spectral frequencies of the hydrogen atom after making a number of simplifying assumptions. These assumptions, the cornerstones of the Bohr model, were not fully correct but did yield the correct energy answers. Bohr's results for the frequencies and underlying energy values were confirmed by the full quantum-mechanical analysis which uses the Schrödinger equation, as was shown in 1925/26. The solution to the Schrödinger equation for hydrogen is analytical. From this, the hydrogen energy levels and thus the frequencies of the hydrogen spectral lines can be calculated. The solution of the Schrödinger equation goes much further than the Bohr model however, because it also yields the shape of the electron's wave function ("orbital") for the various possible quantum-mechanical states, thus explaining the anisotropic character of atomic bonds.
The Schrödinger equation also applies to more complicated atoms and molecules. However, in most such cases the solution is not analytical and either computer calculations are necessary or simplifying assumptions must be made.
This text uses material from Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY-SA
